nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus, halogens etc.
Let us see the compounds of carbon with other elements.
Functional groups in carbon compounds
The characteristic properties of an organic compound depend mainly
on an atom or group of atoms in its molecule known as the functional group. Organic compounds are classified by the type of functional group they
contain. Functional groups are responsible for the behavior of the organic
compounds. Compounds containing the same functional group undergo similar types of reactions.
Carbon compounds with C, H, X.
compounds containing C,H,X where 'X'represents halogens(Cl, Br,I atoms).
These are known as halogen derivatives of hydrocarbons or halo
hydrocarbons.
Carbon compounds with C, H, O.
Halo Hydrocarbons
Compounds containing C, H, O are of different types:
Alcohols
If a hydrogen atom of H2O molecule is replaced by 'R' we get alcohols
R-OH.
The hydrocarbons that contain-OH group are called alcohols. Observe
the following examples:
General formula of alcohols is R-OHwhere'R'
Aldehydes
The hydrocarbons with functional group-CHO are called aldehydes. Observe the following examples:
General formula of aldehydes is R-CHO, where R = alkyl group or hydrogen and -CHO is functional group.
