Cell division is of two types-a) Mitosis-or somatic cell division B) meiosis-or reproductive cell division.
The cell of the body may either be somatic cells that constitute the general body of the organism or
germ cells that take part in formation of gametes.
G-1, G-2, S and M are the stages in a cell cyclic which occur in a manner.
The longest phase is the synthesis phase in cell cycle where duplication of genetic material takes place.
At the end of mitosis two daughter cells are formed with the number of chromosomes same as that
of their parents. It runs through Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase.
Division of cytoplasm is called Cytokinesis.
During meiosis the parent cell divides twice and four daughter cells are formed.
Reproductive health is important to possess sound mind in a sound body.
One should be aware of the facts related to transmission of sexually transmitted diseases.
There is no cure for AIDS. Prevention is the only way to avoid it.
Now a days various methods of contraception are available to control child birth.
It is our responsibility to build a healthy society.
Determination of sex before birth is illegal.
Stop female foeticide.

1. Why do fish and frog produce a huge number of eggs each year?
2. Give examples and explain what is meant by external fertilisation?
3. Write differences between.
a) Grafting - Layering b) stamen-carple
4. Explain the process of fertilisation in plants.
5. What are the different modes of asexual reproduction? Cite them with examples.
6. In what ways does sexual reproduction differs from asexual one? State at least three reasons.
7. How are sperm cells adapted for their function?
8. The menstrual cycle prepares the uterus for a fertilised egg. How long is an average menstrual cycle from start to finish?
9. When the foetus is growing inside the uterus it needs nutrients. What provides these nutrients?
10. Which type of substances are obsorbed by foetus from the mother ?
11. What is the job of the amniotic sac?
12. What are the advantages of sexual reproduction?
13. How does reproduction help in providing stability to population of species?
14. Write the differences between mitosis and meiosis.
15. What happens to the wall of the uterus during menstruation?
16. "All unicellular organisms undergo only mitotic cell division during favourable conditions"-Do you support this statement? Why?