2) The central part is known as the Ganga plain. It extends from the rivers
Ghaggar to Teesta. This part is mainly spread in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar
and partly in Haryana, Jharkhand and West Bengal. Here, the river Ganga, Yamuna
and their tributaries Sone, Kosi etc drain.
3) The Eastern part of the plain exists mostly in the Brahmaputra valley of
Assom and the river Brahmaputra is mainly responsible for its formation.
The Himalayan rivers, while flowing down, deposit gravel and pebble sediments
in a narrow belt of 8 to 16 kms width found parallel to foot hills of Shivaliks. This
feature is known as ‘Bhabar’. Bhabar is porous in nature. Small rivers and streams
flow underground through Bhabar and reappear in lower areas and form a swampy
and marshy region called Terai. The region had thick forests and rich variety of
wild life.
However, owing to migration at the time of India’s partition, most of the
Terai zone has now been cleared and used for agricultural operations. Fine alluvial
plain regions are found towards the South of the Terai region.
